Translation of Ingredient Terms

Got this list from a friend, great for those who are not able to identify the ingredient written in chinese recipe books!

A. Types of Flour , 面粉类

1. 麵粉, 中筋麵粉 = plain flour / all-purpose flour
2. 低筋麵粉, 低根粉 = cake flour / soft flour / weak flour / low protein flour
3. 高筋麵粉, 筋麵, 根麵, 高根粉 = gluten flour / strong flour / bread flour / baker’s flour / high protein flour
4. 小麦面粉 = whole meal flour
5. 全麥麵粉 = whole wheat flour
6. 澄麵粉, 澄粉, 澄麵= non-glutinous flour / wheat flour / wheat starch
7. 自發麵粉 = self- raising flour
8. 粗玉米豆粉 = polenta / yellow cornmeal
9. 粟粉, 粟米粉, 玉米粉, 玉米澱粉(太白粉?) = corn flour / cornstarch
10. 生粉 , 太白粉, 地瓜粉= potato starch / potato flour
11. 樹薯粉, 木薯粉, 茨粉, 菱粉, 泰國生粉, 太白粉, 地瓜粉= Tapioca starch / tapioca flour
12. 蕃薯粉, 地瓜粉 = sweet potato flour
13. 臭粉, 胺粉, 阿摩尼亞粉, 嗅粉 = powdered baking ammonia / carbonate of ammonia / ammonia bicarbonate / ammonia carbonate / hartshorn
14. 發粉, 泡打粉, 泡大粉, 速發粉, 蛋糕發粉 = baking powder
15. 蘇打粉, 小蘇打, 梳打粉, 小梳打, 食粉, 重曹 = baking soda / bicarb ofsoda
16. 塔塔粉, 他他粉 = cream of tartar
17. 卡士達粉, 蛋黃粉, 吉士粉, 吉時粉= custard powder
18. 卡士達, 克林姆, 奶皇餡, 蛋奶餡 = custard / pastry cream
19. 蛋白粉 = egg white powder
20. 粘米粉, 黏米粉, 在來米粉, 在萊米粉, 再來米粉= rice flour
21. 糕仔粉 = cooked rice flour
22. 糯米粉 = glutinous rice flour / sweet rice flour
23. 鳳片粉, 熟糯米粉, 糕粉, 加工糕粉 = fried sweet rice flour / fried glutinous rice flour
24. 綠豆粉 = mung bean flour / tepung hun kwee
25. 小麥胚芽, 麥芽粉 = wheat germ
26. 小麥蛋白, 麵筋粉 = wheat gluten
27. 酵母, 酒餅= yeast／ibu roti
28. 麵包糠, 麵包屑= breadcrumbs
29. 雜糧預拌粉 = multi-grain flour
30. 抹荼粉 = green tea powder
31. 馬蹄粉 = water chestnut flour
32. 葛粉 = arrowroot flour
33. 杏仁粉 = almond flour／almond meal

B. Types of Sugar, 糖类

1. 黑蔗糖漿, 糖蜜, 甘蔗糖蜜 = molasses
2. 金黃糖漿 = golden syrup
3. 楓糖漿, 楓樹糖漿, 楓糖 = maple syrup
4. 玉米糖漿 = corn syrup／karo syrup
5. 葡萄糖漿 = glucose syrup
6. 麥芽糖漿 = barley maltsyrup／maltsyrup
7. 麥芽糖 = maltose／malt sugar
8. 焦糖 = carmael
9. 果糖 = fructos
10. 乳糖 = lactose
11. 轉化糖 = invert sugar
12. 日式糙米糖漿 = amazake
13. 綿花糖霜 = marshmallow cream cream
14. 冰糖 = rock sugar
15. 椰糖, 爪哇紅糖 = palm sugar／gula malacca
16. 黃砂糖 = brown sugar
17. 紅糖, 黑糖 = dark brown sugar
18. 粗糖, 黑砂糖 = muscovado sugar
19. 金砂 = demerara sugar
20. 原蔗糖 = raw sugar／raw cane sugar／unrefined cane sugar
21. 白砂糖, 砂糖 = white sugar／refined sugar／refined cane sugar／coarse granulated sugar
22. 細砂糖, 幼砂糖, 幼糖 = castor sugar / caster sugar（适用于做糕点）
23. 糖份混合物 = icing sugar mixture
24. 糖粉 = icing sugar／confectioners’ sugar
25. 糖霜, 點綴霜 = icing／frosting
26. 蜜葉糖, 甜葉菊 = stevia／honey leaf
27. 代糖, 阿斯巴甜 = aspartame／sweetener／sugar substitute
28. 什色糖珠
29. 巧克力米, 朱古力米 = chocolate vermicelli/rice
30. 巧克力削, 朱古力削 = chocolate curls
31. 巧克力珠, 朱古力珠 = choc bits／chocolate chips
32. 耐烤巧克力豆 = choc bits (澳洲的英文名) / chocolate chips (美國、加拿大的英文名)

C. Essence & Cream , 香精与奶类

1. 白礬 = alum
2. 硼砂 =- borax
3. 石膏 = gypsum
4. 鹼水, (木見)水, 碳酸钾 = alkaline water／lye water／potassium carbonate
5. 食用色素 = food colouring
6. 香草豆, 香草莢, 香草片, 香子蘭莢 = vanilla bean／vanilla pod
7. 香草精, 雲尼拉香精, 凡尼拉香精 = vanilla extract／vanilla essence
8. 香草粉 = vanilla powder
9. 班蘭粉, 香蘭粉 = ground pandan／ground screwpine leaves／serbok daun pandan
10. 班蘭精, 香蘭精 = pandan paste／pasta pandan
11. 玫瑰露, 玫瑰露精 = rosewater／rosewater essence essence
12. 皮屑 = grated zest／grated rind
13. 牛油, 奶油 = butter
14. 軟化牛油 = soft butter
15. 瑪珈琳, 瑪琪琳, 乳瑪琳, 雅瑪琳, 人造奶油, 菜油 = margarine
16. 起酥油, 起酥瑪琪琳 = pastry margarine / oleo margarine
17. 豬油, 白油, 大油, 板油 = lard / cooking fat
18. 酥油, 雪白奶油 shortening
19. 硬化椰子油 = copha
20. 椰油 = Creamed Coconut
21. 烤油 = dripping
22. 牛油忌廉 = butter cream
23. 淡忌廉 = light cream／coffee cream／table cream
24. 鮮奶油, 忌廉, 鮮忌廉 = cream／whipping cream
25. 包括﹕1 light whipping cream
26. 2 heavy whipping cream／heavy cream／thickened cream
27. 3 double cream／pure cream
28. 酸奶油, 酸忌廉, 酸奶酪, 酸乳酪 = sour cream
29. 酸奶 = butter milk
30. 牛奶, 鮮奶, 鮮乳 = milk
31. 奶粉 = powdered milk / milk powder
32. 花奶, 淡奶, 奶水, 蒸發奶, 蒸發奶水 = evaporated milk
33. 煉奶 = condensed milk／sweetened condensed milk
34. 起士, 起司, 芝士, 乳酪, 奶酪, 乾酪, 乳餅 = cheese
35. 起司粉 = powdered cheese
36. 奶油起司, 芝士忌廉, 奶油乳酪, 凝脂乳酪 = cream cheese
37. 瑪斯卡波尼起司, 馬司卡膨起司, 馬斯卡波涅起司, 義大利乳酪 = mascarpone cheese
38. 優格, 乳果, 酸奶, 酸乳酪 = yoghurt
39. 優酪乳 = yoghurt drink／drinking yoghurt

D. Types of Confectionery, 糕点名称

1. 麵包, 麵飽 = bread
2. 土司麵包, 吐司 = toast
3. 法式吐司 = french toast
4. 裸麥麵包 = rye bread
5. 派, 批 = pie
6. 塔, 撻 = tart
7. 凍派, 凍批 = cream pie
8. 蛋塔 = egg tart / custard tart
9. 法式蛋塔 = quiche lorraine
10. 戚風蛋糕 = chiffon cake
11. 海綿蛋糕 = sponge cake
12. 泡芙 = choux pastry / puff
13. 瑪琳 , 焗蛋泡 = meringue
14. 蛋蜜乳 = eggnog
15. 可麗餅 = crepe
16. 煎餅, 熱餅, 薄烤餅 = pancake
17. 厚鬆餅 = pikelet / hotcake
18. 墨西哥麵餅 = tortillas
19. 曲奇 = cookies
20. 慕斯, 慕思 = mousse
21. 布甸, 布丁 = pudding
22. 司康, 比司吉 = scones
23. 舒芙蕾 = souffles
24. 洋芋塊 = hash brown
25. 英式鬆餅, 瑪芬麵包 = english muffin
26. 鬆糕, 瑪芬 = american muffin　
27. 格子鬆餅 = waffle
28. 手指餅乾 = sponge fingers / ladyfingers / savoiardi (義大利名)
29. 蘇打餅干 = saltine crackers
30. 威化餅乾 = wafer biscult

E. Dried Fruits & Nuts, 干果/果脯

1. 腰子豆, 腰果, 腰果仁, 介壽果 = cashew nut
2. 花生 = peanut
3. 瓜子, 南瓜子 = pepitas / dried pumpkin seeds
4. 崧子, 松子仁 = pine nut
5. 栗子 = chestnut
6. 干粟子 = dried chestuts
7. 核桃, 核桃仁, 合桃, 胡桃 = walnut
8. 杏仁, 杏仁片, 扁桃 = almond
9. 北杏, 苦杏仁 = apricot kernel / chinese almond / bitter almond
10. 南杏 = apricot kernel
11. 榛果, 榛仁= hazelnut / filbert / cobnut
12. 開心果, 阿月渾子 = pistachio
13. 堅果, 澳洲堅果, 夏威夷果, 澳洲胡桃, 澳洲栗, 澳洲核桃, 昆士蘭龍眼, 昆士蘭栗 = macadamia / california nut
14. 山胡桃, 胡桃 = pecan
15. 石鼓仔, 馬加拉, 油桐子 = candlenut / buah keras
16. 白果, 銀杏 = ginkgo nut
17. 罌粟子 = poppy seed
18. 亞答子 = atap seed
19. 海苔粉 = ground seaweed
20. 涼粉, 仙草 = grass jelly
21. 椰絲, 椰茸, 椰子粉 = desiccated coconut／shredded coconut
22. 果子凍, 果凍粉, 啫喱= jelly
23. 魚膠粉, 吉利丁, 明膠 = gelatine sheets／powdered gelatine　
24. 大菜, 大菜絲, 菜燕, 燕菜精, 洋菜, 洋菜粉, 瓊脂 = agar powder
25. 乾椰絲 = dessicated coconut
26. 龍眼乾, 龍眼肉, 桂圓, 圓肉= dried longan
27. 葡萄乾 = raisin / dried currant
28. 無花果乾 = dried fig
29. 柿餅 = dried persimmon
30. 桃脯 = dried peach
31. 杏脯 = dried apricot
32. 蘋果脯, 蘋果乾 = dried apple
33. 蜜漬櫻桃, 露桃, 車梨子 = glace cherry／candied cherry
34. 蜜漬鳳梨 = glace pineapple／candied pineapple
35. 糖水批把 = loquats in syrup
36. 杏子酱 = apricot jam
    
37. 杏桃果膠 = apricot glaze
38. 水蜜桃罐頭 = peaches in syrup
39. 切片水蜜桃罐頭 = sliced peaches in syrup
40. 綜合水果罐頭 = cocktail fruit in syrup　

F. General Ingredients

1. 味精 = monosodium glutamate
2. 醋 = vinegar
3. 白醋(工研醋) = rice vinegar
4. 白醋 = white vinegar (西洋料理用的)
5. 烏醋 = black vinggar
6. 酱油 = soy sauce
7. 蚝油 = oyster sauce
8. 麻油 = sesame oil
9. 白酒 = white spirits
10. 加饭酒 = rice wine
11. 桂花酒 = osmanthus-flavored wine
12. 芝麻酱 = sesame paste
13. 辣椒醬 = chili sauce
14. 牛頭牌沙荼醬 = bull head barbecue sauce/Chinese barbecue sauce
15. 南乳 = fermented red beancurd
16. 薑粉 = ginger powder
17. 调味蕃茄醬 = ketchup
18. 蕃茄醬 = tomato sauce (普通甜的)
19. 蕃茄醬 = tomato paste (義大利料理用的)
20. 豆辦醬 = chilli bean sauce
21. XO醬 = XO sauce
22. 豆豉 = salt black bean
23. 薏米 = pearl barley
24. 西贾米= sago
25. 沙莪粒, 西米, 小茨丸 = pearl sago／pearl tapioca
26. 紅豆沙, 烏豆沙 = red bean paste
27. 綠豆片 = split mung bean
28. 芝麻 = sesame Seeds
29. 蓮子 = lotus seed
30. 蓮蓉 = lotus paste
31. 栗蓉 = chestnut puree / chestnut paste
32. 蜜棗 = preserved red dates
33. 紅棗 = chinese red dates
34. 棗泥 = red date paste
35. 百合 = dried lily bulb
36. 金针 = tiger lily buds
37. 陳皮 = dried orange peel／dried tangerine peel
38. 豆腐 = tofu
39. 腐竹 = dried beancurd sticks
40. 腐皮 = beancurd sheet
41. 酸菜 = pickled mustard-green
42. 蒸山芋 = steamed sweet potatoes
43. 咸黄瓜 = salted cucumber
44. 脱水蒜粒 = dehydrated garlic granules
45. 冬菇 = dried black mushroom
46. 木耳 = white fungus
47. 黑木耳 = black fungus / wood ear fungus / dried black fungus
48. 海带 = sea vegetable / Sea weed
49. 燒海苔 = toasted nori seaweed / roasted seaweed sushi nori
50. 板海苔 = nori seaweed / dried sea laver
51. 燕菜 = agar-agar
52. 蝦米 = dried shrimp
53. 鱼干 = dried fish
54. 鹹蛋黃 = salted egg yolk
55. 皮蛋（糖心/ 硬心） = preserved duck eggs (soft and hard yolk)
56. 咸鸭蛋 = salted duck eggs
57. 牛肉粒 = dried beef cubes
58. 牛肉片 = dried beef sliced
59. 猪肉松 = dried pork floss
60. 腊鸭 = preserved duck
61. 鸭肫干= preserved duck gizzard
62. 烤鸭 = roasted duck
63. 方便面 = instant noodles
64. 面条 = noodles
65. 米粉 = rice-noodle
66. 粉丝 = silk noodles
67. 餛鈍皮 = wonton wrapper/wonton skins
68. 水餃皮 = dumpling wrapper / dumpling skins /gyoza wrapper
69. 春捲皮 = spring roll wrapper , egg roll wrapper